- Series
- Scrolls from the Dead Sea
- Air Date
- 1957-01-01
- Duration
- 00:27:52
- Episode Description
- A cross-section of scholarly opinion on the significance and importance of the Scrolls, as well as the ways in which they are a gain for religion.
- Series Description
- The story of the Dead Sea Scrolls, featuring interviews with 30 leading scholars, scientists, archeologists and theologians.
- Subject(s)
- Creator(s)
- WHA (Radio station : Madison, Wis.) (Producer)University of Wisconsin (Producer)Mansoor, Menahem (Writer)Schmidt, Karl (Production Manager)
- Contributors
- Mansoor, Menahem (Speaker)Voegeli, Don (Composer)Burrows, Millar, 1889-1980 (Speaker)Reed, William (Speaker)Albright, William Foxwell, 1891-1971 (Speaker)Daugherty, John (Speaker)
- Genre(s)
- Geographic Region(s)
- regions
- Time Period
- 1951-1960
[00:05 - 00:08]
Scrolls from the Dead Sea.
[00:08 - 00:32]
I shall praise the MY GOD for thou hast brought Marco's with us.
[00:32 - 00:37]
And with the creature of clay has acted mightily. All the day
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continually. I show blessed by name and in the abundance of thy goodness
[00:42 - 00:46]
shall my soul delight. I praise Thee O Lord I praise thee.
[00:46 - 01:02]
This is an excerpt from the scroll of Thanksgiving hymn. Who's one of the seven original
[01:02 - 01:07]
ard scrolls found in a cave near the Dead Sea. We're not certain who put
[01:07 - 01:12]
this another parchment documents in the caves nor what happened to their owners.
[01:12 - 01:17]
But it is probable that one day in the fateful spring of 68 A.D. as the Roman
[01:17 - 01:22]
legions swept down on the roots of them the documents were placed in earthenware jars
[01:22 - 01:27]
and hidden in the caves which gave them refuge for almost two thousand years.
[01:27 - 01:31]
These goals constitute twentieth century scholarships greatest discovery.
[01:31 - 01:49]
The flood of light program 13 of schools from the Dead
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Sea a radial exploration of the most significant archaeological find of our time.
[01:55 - 01:59]
These programs are produced by radio station WAGA of the University of Wisconsin
[01:59 - 02:05]
under a grant from the Educational Television and Radio Center in cooperation with the
[02:05 - 02:08]
National Association of educational broadcasters.
[02:08 - 02:13]
Since the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in one thousand forty seven scholars from many fields have
[02:13 - 02:18]
been hard at work. Paleography archaeologists biblical scholars and theologians and
[02:18 - 02:23]
many more have been working with the documents. One of these scholars is Professor Menachem
[02:23 - 02:27]
Mansoor chairman of the department of Hebrew and Semitic Studies at the University of
[02:27 - 02:32]
Wisconsin. Recently Professor Mansoor traveled in Europe Israel and America
[02:32 - 02:37]
collecting documentary materials for these programs. He tape recorded interviews with over
[02:37 - 02:42]
25 leading scholars and theologians and gauged in the work. And now back at the
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University of Wisconsin professor Mansoor has planned and written this series of programs
[02:46 - 02:51]
exploring the meaning and content of the Dead Sea Scrolls. Professor Mansoor.
[02:51 - 02:59]
We have now reached our final program. It will be presumptuous on my
[02:59 - 03:03]
part to speak today at length on the significance of this momentous
[03:03 - 03:08]
discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls. I would rather bring before you the
[03:08 - 03:13]
interviews recorded in my machine of world leading
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scholars and theologians from various parts of the world to
[03:17 - 03:22]
impress upon you the impact of these findings and their importance to
[03:22 - 03:27]
our civilization. Traveling as I did
[03:27 - 03:32]
from one country to another in search for knowledge from competent scholars and world
[03:32 - 03:37]
authority I was particularly seeking answers to the following
[03:37 - 03:42]
questions. 1. What is the importance and significance of
[03:42 - 03:47]
the scrolls too. Will the scrolls bring about
[03:47 - 03:51]
any change in current religious beliefs. Some writers have claimed
[03:51 - 03:57]
or are they of purely historical import. And three
[03:57 - 04:02]
is the discovery of the scrolls gain or loss for religion.
[04:02 - 04:07]
First here is Professor William Reed of the College of the Bible in Lexington
[04:07 - 04:12]
Kentucky. I asked what's the importance and significance of
[04:12 - 04:13]
the scrolls.
[04:13 - 04:19]
We cannot say what the significance of the Qumran scrolls may be until all the
[04:19 - 04:24]
manuscript material has been published and studied for some time. However
[04:24 - 04:28]
certain things are clear at this date in some cases a
[04:28 - 04:33]
comparison of the canonical works with the mass
[04:33 - 04:38]
already taxed has shown that the ancient scribes were
[04:38 - 04:43]
exceedingly accurate in copying their sacred manuscripts.
[04:43 - 04:48]
In the case of several Old Testament books this has merely confirmed the importance of the master reading
[04:48 - 04:52]
text. Time does not permit me to speak of other possible points of
[04:52 - 04:57]
significant but it may be noted that the discovery of the Qumran
[04:57 - 05:02]
scrolls in a region where it was once thought that ancient manuscripts could not
[05:02 - 05:07]
survive raises the possibility that future explorations
[05:07 - 05:12]
may recover other early manuscripts from the Old Testament period or
[05:12 - 05:16]
from the period of early Christianity.
[05:16 - 05:21]
Now Professor Philip Hiatt is the dean of Vanderbilt University
[05:21 - 05:25]
and president of the society of medical literature. I asked him if he thought
[05:25 - 05:30]
there was any particular challenge offered by the Dead Sea Scrolls.
[05:30 - 05:36]
The deadly discoveries present a great challenge to scholars to those who
[05:36 - 05:40]
specialize in their old testament to those who specialize in the New Testament
[05:40 - 05:46]
and have been exploring all of the material from the
[05:46 - 05:51]
Dead Sea region must be studied carefully and integrated with material from
[05:51 - 05:56]
many other sources. Scholars should work together in seeking a better
[05:56 - 06:02]
understanding of the Bible and the origins of Christianity Judaism.
[06:02 - 06:06]
They should work objectively and without axes to grind
[06:06 - 06:11]
this way. We sure finally arrive at the truth.
[06:11 - 06:16]
Here now is an interview with Professor W. F.. All right of Johns Hopkins
[06:16 - 06:21]
University Baltimore. He's recognized as the world leading authority
[06:21 - 06:25]
on the book of archaeology. I asked Professor Albright whether the new
[06:25 - 06:31]
knowledge from the scrolls is going to revolutionize anything.
[06:31 - 06:35]
Here is Professor Albright I have said in various places that
[06:35 - 06:40]
the discovery of these grows from ribbit is
[06:40 - 06:47]
revolutionizing New Testament scholarship.
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A French scholar named have insisted
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that they revolutionize your
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studies. Also but there's
[07:02 - 07:07]
a world of difference between my meaning for the word
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revolution and the meaning attached the word revolution by Lego.
[07:13 - 07:17]
They insist that this revolutionized our knowledge of Christ
[07:17 - 07:23]
the beginnings of Christian theology of Christian theology. I
[07:23 - 07:28]
insist with a rapidly increasing number of Catholic Protestant
[07:28 - 07:32]
scholars that the importance lies in a different
[07:32 - 07:37]
direction hit to New Testament
[07:37 - 07:42]
scholars have worked on the New Testament without any literature
[07:42 - 07:47]
of comparable age with which to compare it in fact.
[07:47 - 07:52]
So as a result they were guessing the most
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critical New Testament scholars place the writing in The New Testament between about 50
[07:58 - 08:04]
50 after Christ. One hundred fifty eight. It
[08:04 - 08:08]
seems to me that the evidence is no completely against this
[08:08 - 08:13]
point of view. The Gospel of John
[08:13 - 08:19]
which most critical scholars have been dating in the late into the second century
[08:19 - 08:24]
are actually extremely close
[08:24 - 08:30]
in language and often in point of view to comment on
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scrolls through the Gospel of John is Kris
[08:34 - 08:39]
Jenner not Jewish and Jewish or not Christian.
[08:39 - 08:44]
I further Professor Albright whether the text of the
[08:44 - 08:49]
scrolls were published and what they bring about any change in
[08:49 - 08:51]
current religious beliefs.
[08:51 - 08:56]
Eventually it'll take a long time since you
[08:56 - 09:05]
know nothing about.
[09:05 - 09:10]
How the New Testament developed in my opinion wrong.
[09:10 - 09:13]
I think scholarship will have to be redone from one
[09:13 - 09:21]
but in a more conservative direction because the books of the New Testament.
[09:21 - 09:26]
All seem to be much earlier than most New Testament scholars among the partisans
[09:26 - 09:31]
particularly to some extent. Furthermore
[09:31 - 09:36]
we got to recognize that Christianity didn't come
[09:36 - 09:44]
with making a complete break with a past.
[09:44 - 09:49]
Connection with Judaism much closer than we had supposed.
[09:49 - 09:53]
There you have Professor Albright's view important
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from Baltimore but was stopped on our
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way there. Professor of
[10:04 - 10:09]
sacred scripture Immaculate Conception. I
[10:09 - 10:13]
put this question to Monsignor Doherty. Do you think the discovery of the
[10:13 - 10:17]
scrolls is a gain or a loss for religion.
[10:17 - 10:24]
It is my definite judgment that the discovery of the scroll is again for religion.
[10:24 - 10:29]
If you view them only in the abstract they contribute to our knowledge of the history of
[10:29 - 10:33]
religion. Discovery of first hand records such as these is always a
[10:33 - 10:38]
great boon to the scholars pacifically view they are of particular interest
[10:38 - 10:45]
to the study of the Jewish faith and to our knowledge of it.
[10:45 - 10:47]
They are of great interest to the Christian faith too.
[10:47 - 10:52]
If they throw light on the background of the New Testament one of the
[10:52 - 10:57]
American scholars who has been working on the scroll since their discovery
[10:57 - 11:02]
and published several texts on the scrolls is Professor Miller Barrows of
[11:02 - 11:07]
Yale University. His book of the scrolls was a bestseller and is
[11:07 - 11:12]
one of the most authoritative works on the subject. He too agrees
[11:12 - 11:14]
that the discovery is again for religion.
[11:14 - 11:21]
No discovery of truth can be a loss for religion. The
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discovery of the scrolls is a gain for religion in so far as it helps
[11:26 - 11:31]
us to understand the Bible and the history of our religion.
[11:31 - 11:36]
Professor asked whether this
[11:36 - 11:41]
might bring about change in current religious believes.
[11:41 - 11:46]
What kind of change could they bring about. I have never heard that previous
[11:46 - 11:50]
discoveries of contacts between the Bible and Babylonian Egyptian
[11:50 - 11:56]
Persian and Greek religion caused any change in religious belief or
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ritual.
[11:57 - 12:02]
Another scholar who is an authority on the scrolls and author of an important
[12:02 - 12:07]
book on the subject is Professor Charles Fritz of
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Princeton Theological Seminary. Let us listen to what he has to say
[12:11 - 12:14]
about their importance and significance.
[12:14 - 12:19]
Professor French there is no question that the discovery of these scrolls has been a
[12:19 - 12:23]
great boon for religion both for the understanding of the Judaism of this
[12:23 - 12:28]
period that is from about 200 B.C. to A.D. 100. And for
[12:28 - 12:33]
our understanding of the New Testament and the origins of the Christian church they are of an
[12:33 - 12:38]
estimable value to be sure. Many of the things brought out in the scrolls have been
[12:38 - 12:43]
known before but never before were they seen so
[12:43 - 12:47]
clearly in the context of the life of a sect who settlement and
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library are now plainly visible to human are like Dr
[12:52 - 12:57]
Barrows his colleague Professor French insists that
[12:57 - 13:02]
no change whatsoever will be brought about by the discovery.
[13:02 - 13:09]
The Dead Sea Scrolls will not bring about any change in current religious
[13:09 - 13:13]
belief and ritual. Nothing in these documents need change the
[13:13 - 13:18]
Christians belief in Christ as the Messiah promised by God of all to
[13:18 - 13:23]
save his people. This faith in the uniqueness of the person of Christ
[13:23 - 13:28]
which electrified and empowered the early Christians is unshaken today by
[13:28 - 13:33]
these discoveries whether they are of purely historical import.
[13:33 - 13:38]
We may say that these scrolls are most important historically for our understanding
[13:38 - 13:44]
of the Judaism of that time and the origins of the Christian church.
[13:44 - 13:48]
Let me now take you to Oxford England and let us listen to Professor
[13:48 - 13:53]
J Our driver. He's a world authority in Biblical studies.
[13:53 - 13:57]
Here are his views on the importance of the discovery.
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This scrolls have so very little if any direct light
[14:02 - 14:06]
on either of the great religions Judaism or Christianity.
[14:06 - 14:12]
The importance lies in the flood of light
[14:12 - 14:17]
which they have thrown on the period which is at the
[14:17 - 14:20]
background of the Gospels.
[14:20 - 14:25]
Every scrap of information however small on the period of such talk
[14:25 - 14:29]
making importance is welcome Professor of the
[14:29 - 14:34]
University of Manchester a theologian and Bible scholar of the first water
[14:34 - 14:39]
is convinced that the discovery constitutes a considerable gain for
[14:39 - 14:44]
religion a very considerable gain every bit of
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additional light we can have which bears on the Old Testament or the New
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Testament is again and I welcome unreservedly.
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The discovery of the scrolls in the new light which they have brought to
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us in Manchester England.
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I went to visit my former teacher the Reverend Edward Robertson
[15:04 - 15:09]
formerly of the University of Manchester and now our chief librarian at the
[15:09 - 15:14]
famous John Rylands library. That was a memorable
[15:14 - 15:19]
meeting with a beloved teacher. In the course of our exchange of views
[15:19 - 15:24]
on this cross Professor Roberts expressed the views of the layman as he prefers to
[15:24 - 15:29]
say his message is of importance to laymen. So let us
[15:29 - 15:31]
listen to Professor Robertson.
[15:31 - 15:36]
Well Dr Mansoor I feel convinced
[15:36 - 15:39]
that there is no real cause for fear
[15:39 - 15:45]
on the part of the religious community is
[15:45 - 15:49]
concerned. The divine inspiration and guidance is clear
[15:49 - 15:54]
strong and unshakable. I am quite convinced
[15:54 - 15:59]
that when the controversies which are raging at the moment
[15:59 - 16:04]
drowned the Dead Sea Scrolls have seized. On the
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