Projections: Africa, reel 2

Right we are nation building is the problem. Economic or economy

building. The basic business of developing an economic structure.

A very difficult task indeed the Bush you just don't get out of the economic structure.

You have to make some basic decision is. So philosophy of economics what kind of a

kind of you walk about in the first instance or your hair or your purse.

Be on the structure itself. How do you want to target subsistence

economy are sound on the radio if you like to forget but essentially how

you transfer throw a toy away and subsistence

economy is not going to the top of the way the market is a closer and how do

you break I'm going to do it with option for the markets again versus

how do you get out of production for the in the current market was I suggest that you are. Long

after the rest of the export out who served in turn

all these other basic kind of the Planet of the bros and after that it was destroyed

and right behind that the fourth Test was the problem the very basic problem of

technological marvel ization. After it was a very strange gap

next year the last of various automated up weapons and techniques. The most

underdeveloped backward if you like her sister those integrity is

doing everything. I've used the example of the Army and I

suggested to you they are the ones who aren't jerks. This is quite true and

side by side and close juxtaposition you see on the ground. You will be able Sara

Lee was used to her good lead for a laugh or was done.

Heads and backs of there's no hierarchy in the

past but hey she said. You don't have graduated types of

transportation and this is true of every field of the capital city to

find a new Martin medical institution. The most annoying hospitals in the

universe. But 15 or 20 miles of the capital city of fire

which in this fashion is practicing without. An

agriculture you have a tractor or. Sure.

Enough I was though of trying to deduce that there was a bit about most of those who will go out

on the ocean with a piece of work that. Morning when you swear to hear.

What Africa needs it is a total technological rationalization that we should

somehow related technology to there you go under the table. Well it was

the whole problem of labor kinds of production techniques to be

thought out of the larder he brought on were serious in terms of patient sterile

Hartley's doing so. So the problem the

psychological transformation.

Essentially to the machine it was a waste of the doing the right places

most. And filing the first task and by no means the restall who

aren't perhaps the most difficult. Is the brunt of social

reorganization social restructuring them going after

traditional societies. It is very European person so.

There's no going back. Get back together a very traditional institutions have been

disrupted. Additional ways of life changing or pressed.

On the other hand new systems new structures are not in the developed replaced to

a transitional situation of the old and the new. And I like the

plan as to where most of the African countries what types of social

system social structures and you will find almost anything in Africa

from a bizarre country like Guinea for example to develop or as they

say reserve the plaster society beginnings.

Once I was a Marxist. If they are strictly deviation this is they do not accept

Glasgow. Then neighbors are a classless society.

Right there in the Coast Guard your arse was a leading example is the leading example of a country

driver about a social pattern like that Tyler familiar with the West.

If they live right outside the larger world. Last year we were like

prayer is somebody who is rushed or after

or in many other African countries you have everything from designing for back to ourselves

and you know as the new year to design two new types

of messages and those who go experimentation. And

where this all comes out it's very hard to say. But it's very basic and was terribly

related to the type of nation building you do with the logos off.

So that Africa really has really difficult tasks that I have to see a

lot of lawyers.

Unfortunately this cannot be done. Sequence they are interrelated they affect one another

and time of weight on the other not be done altogether. And there are two more

subsidiary tasks and to test for these five tasks.

First very own problem is that you should know what part of the

developers to do shit to do all of these dailies do Nation State Building

week another person Touche and so training situations.

Problem training how do you develop the personnel and staff to do all these

things to run the institution's dual use of both of these are extremely

difficult. But this land. Well once again first dire problems with a sense in the head.

But unfortunately you can get first five problems in and say there's a certain way to

do our solicitation is America so our way. Perhaps it's more accurate to say that

after as you said if it was hot ones and any number of African countries are going

quite successful at one to us really easy but very few with any war

and as a result many of the adults in the end of the week was one to us realise how

selfish it. So that we go rarely and if you want to understand very much the

badly and general political is that of the military coups the

burden are stagnation that Africa derives largely for the very banal

problem of coping with these far very overwhelmed tasks on the

two subsidiary tasks or loans. As I suggested to you I don't know.

It was the timing that Africa had the

preparation for this and so forth of that because of.

That solving these problems is not a somewhat race proposition. The African

problems are long term. What time the start of you

know unfortunately despite the expectations of the additional events leaders this will be

one generation is going to be several races and then it's on

and the Africans need to understand any understanding of yes I.

This is what they're doing in the first instance this is a story to the.

Kurds to the situation they find themselves that.

They have to do it obviously these are problems but they do you understand

and that is there is a lot of resources and this

is about Israel.

Mr. Arnold Rivka speaking on the general topic projections

Africa Mr. Rifkin then responded to questions from his audience.

The first one being do you foresee future political upheaval

in Africa.

Yeah I think we're already continuing. How are.

The. Blue Boy as though he were to break their

chairs in various places of voice as well as they and their friends

and going about subsistence level. In fact really for today

there is more frustration and disaffection and just intent and I was aware.

Because the very major systems living in Syria was this kind of thing

and laser systems satellites and Africans to go back to as it were to

this type of learning. And this sort of run state in Africa.

And Africa has taken if you live in the

interference and I have there's a two minute Kyra as you wrote

the first question there's a I asked you for it in the past this is being

displayed here and I think we're in for a long period. Yes.

Yes.

Will the situation you know you used the second get

me more than your share.

Well I think we've got to you know. One of the Treasury

one of the great threat of the use of Nigeria was the most

promising. And I tend to be optimistic in the long run.

The affair with the one of the

one of the most promising countries in terms of having a structure.

Transitional has two shoes and works right where the most.

Been more effective than most though also a bit more of that terror

structure.

On the range of these civil wars in ways that you know the situation

the friends i.e. both of them. It was for a while

there are a lot of OOA here but they are holy and these

are thought of as not too

slow. Closer but in that chair was given was

just love. There's no easy way

for us to go out for a very long time. DD and I

light a fire incidents after

the Nigeria things of a systematic kind of an awful lot of destruction goes on.

They have the capability to know how to fight North Korea.

Very good you know I don't know what I was

if I was fortunately devastated and it weighs

in for a good deal of the sort of thing where you

know interestingly enough very little of the

Xterra investment is

not actually done there during and after it was.

Right. Reasonable. So are bears in the battle

was to win so. Therefore there's a real self-interest and I'll just

draw it with Kate.

It's interesting where for example a very large B he show a fiery be off.

Which offers a foreign target is what it does not lack the ability

to do it.

Yeah it's the same guys I play because I really really try

the shows all indications are doing though this may go there for

6 months of every fight no far really has been seriously there.

Yes. Very much more and he also you know

all.

Of that terribly much for that I asked for this for the purposes but

too much real.

Pleased me to say that American foreign aid as little or no water

polo. We do have two countries where we would avoid Oh it was

due to Ethiopia like there are a historic reasons.

But I was out to get Africa. The Soviet Union

was trying to send the fellows nothing while it was then so long

as you have. Blow it up was and this is the rush to get you know it was

like the Rhodesian situation over the course of these terrorists they

have terrorist talk like terrorism and they

do get a fair load was brought to those verses

good money for these various military.

Some harder for example.

It's an incredibly large OEMs Soviet Union

and probably part of the reason I suggest to you for it was a

virtual ghost maintained. So what was the works. Why

does.

The Tories have brought Mr. REVKIN was asked what

realistic suggestions he could make toward the closing of the gap between the

African countries and the remainder of the world.

So far I've actually done business or whatever. This is it at the moment and I want to

read and for your rather difficult fiction I tend to be an optimist

I believe in on the loan business so that I am well thought out.

However I do not want related terms of goes well again I think this is a rather formulation

and misleading word or something feeling it is literally a

physical or mathematical impossibility. Those get.

Serious The rest of this century and probably for the part of the next century.

Countries with personality was of 40 50 I don't know whether I was doing two of

those which is the part that you saw from South Africa.

And the post again.

There are a few although I was greatly frightened off.

The annual increases in United States across the National

Run for your billion dollars. Which is

far in excess of the total economic output. Oh

yeah. While you can because I was just like

he would have you know I was today just staggering. However when you look a bit low.

And I really mean this and I think this is the important thing is you can approach there look

very real picture. Don't put me in the house

there is the educational standards the food into it. You've been taught or stand

up in front of the school parking is you know this was a new religion

and these are your goals and I would never do anything different to the way we live

in our country but. It is usually these are the realistic goals

and these are things which then determine what kind of car.

So if you take these Creoles you then concentrate not at all. Proving

their cost of production out of it after that is perfectly capable of doing.

You approve the processing right.

Bottom line is you start introducing live industry but you know

start at the end of the spectrum of pollution with the way it was perhaps you know good to have you noticed

that you know about it for a long time the currents turn for.

These things you need to know more than these other hard things together as a harnesses.

But the basic economic structure basically composition of the economy lost

on you getting worked up after ghastly things going for it if you love the

development of those characters.

The population pressures are bad. The agricultural capability in terms of literal

physical capability exists as.

The lack of institutional barriers to change which is a very

real asset this is not like Asia where you ancient Highers

traditions which linger in our institutions like the following throughout

Southeast Asia and India. There's no individual who just acquired the structure

to this change by a large was a very real fast.

And they can change his or her visit to a school. And I think those

countries are just out of this.

It will actually get

closer. But I just did I prove this

to prove it and you know unfortunately.

Mr. Rifkin Most next asked to discuss the role of the World Bank in

bettering the lot of the underdeveloped nations.

It's obviously a separate. World Bank like the

rest of the developed world. For my stuff

the record is of the world

for like five years ago it was just recent

years where it won't but it was

very low. There was nothing

wrong with it and I think the important thing I was knowing my

luck turns out of the right height

and he was right there as well

as the thanks that.

We now live in the very serious life with no fear with it so it

was a very low before and this is no major again

where I was so I'd say he's lying but certainly I

see his plantation farm country for

tomorrow or so or so of life Zoe

in his last and overshadowed by the world lived over to NAFTA to make loans for

education. Do these in the larger sense and the monks who saw.

The walls of the first time was his usual run for office as we have two branch offices. And I

for one am he John from the West African area.

Why do you think he's you know and the personal functions of the

branch offices in Africa levelling my project for if.

We had just done a series of experiences the African was not being there in

the way it was just as you. Have not been able to come up with about bribes

you know live without portfolio with the two of us and used to shoot you saying here we are

right. So we have a way for the first time to be able

to tell you the title bar literally identifier right there in the

result. And then when it was. Learned to have done for

the bank doesn't like to do that. Quite frankly because the person was our friends actually.

Oh it was probably her city the size of the world and it's

not a terribly good position to be on those. But it was a

letter in order to change or develop

the will of those who do this. I was a racist on the air of

those who are cruising to let the low participation

young lady on the audience.

Asked Mr. Repton What is the outlook for communism in Africa.

Now the communists made headway in subverting any of the new nations has been very

remarkable where I mean is it likely to be the first

place and it's quite a subject that was very very

quickly in the short run but I don't know that I won't you

know history is that over the stagnation it was on

but today the person who love it. The Saudis

try this time it was like who's that he lied or

position today. Oh yeah importance timeless time. Either the

Soviet Union the communist china You seem to make headway with the country.

But this doesn't last for a very long time I think

the way the Soviet Union was going very badly

they wanted the D-line and the friends and

found nothing before even the last

deviation was for example the Soviet Union.

Propagating Leste was already what is

the. Original life prior self treatment and I mean you know

plastics aside here the

one our state briars I was on the wings of the whole mess of our lead.

Partly because they were getting tired of ourselves and so on and I

remember when the Soviet Union with their very rare ideology you just

inform I was in Ohio it was so well

they did not change the ideology. We are in the right area with

sort of difficulty in that sharing point came in late

writing 61 of the Soviet ambassador was absent from getting good news

because the par excellence of Soviet regime they

overplayed at least a terrorist just a little bit of apprehension

in the pan in Africa itself. Instead doesn't mean that I think there's a

great skepticism. In communist China. Oh by the way

the very worst don't believe they said show me to Africa

and you may too are very much. There was a feeling of

sort of an identity with this trial or this was a parallel power steering the

country this was the of it and all the stuff of its own bootstraps. That

they swear was actually bravos of rationalism are. Now for those that have it

well I'm showing here unfortunately for the Communist Chinese and

others there's a farewell speech he made this a liar is who is leading the country

Thailand. And he said these new countries which was here starts with their

independence revolution. And their own nationalist governments. That Africa was running

around loose with you no matter how this new revolutionary leaders

felt. Yeah it's a lot like showing I was

talking about was going to revolution of course. And as a

result of being a Communist Chinese presence has been limited to silent on

Iraq places where the mega saturation left us as I hope the successes. Were

born I think this is a time for steady nerves in the West and I think it was not overly

concerned at the time it was headed for a show of fear over

the Africans have a self interest in maintaining there and was very

skeptical which is the first instance of a Western national relations as well and so

I was. Fortunately I think they tend to be more skeptical about Congress

and I'm not the last. That's good and I think if

we have reasonable and. They're all

passionate he rose and I was down yeah yeah no trade we saw what

we are doing a very sad thing. So I

thought it was earned respect.

This has been the fifth in a series of seven programs about United

States foreign policy entitled demands of the next

decade. Our guest today was Arnold Rivkin development advisor

for the World Bank and regents professor of African studies at

UCLA.

He spoke and responded to questions on the general subject of

projections Africa. This program series is based on

presentations from the foreign policy associations traveling foreign policy

conference. These programs are designed to stimulate the thinking of an

informed American public about some of the issues to be faced by our nation

during this coming decade. Today's program was presented in cooperation

with the World Affairs Council of Oregon the Oregon great decisions Council the

Foreign Policy Association and TIME magazine. This has been

a public affairs presentation of Oregon educational broadcasting.

This program was distributed by the national educational radio network.