Reading List The Social Psychology of Sex and Gender Instructor: Arnie Kahn fac_askahn@vax1.acs.jmu.edu (Internet) fac_askahn@jmuvax (Bitnet) Taught: Spring 1991 Place: James Madison University The following readings were put together into a packet that served as the textbook for the course. 1. Introduction Apfelbaum, E. (1979). Relations of domination and movements for liberation: An analysis of power between groups. In W. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 188-204). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole. Hofstadter, D. R. (1985). Metamagical themas. New York: Basic Books. Chapters 7 and 8. 2. Psychology Views Women and Men: Historical Perspectives Weisstein, N. (1971). Psychology constructs the female, or the fantasy life of the male psychologist. In M. H. Garskof (Ed.), Roles women play: Readings toward women's liberation. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole. Shields, S. A. (1975). Functionalism, Darwinism, and the psychology of women: A study in social myth. American Psychologist, 30, 739-754. Crawford, M., & Marecek, J. (1989). Psychology reconstructs the female: 1968-1988. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13, 147-165. 3. Non-Sexist Research McHugh, M. D., Koeske, R. D., & Frieze, I. H. (1986). Issues to consider in conducting nonsexist psychological research: A guide for researchers. American Psychologist, 41, 879-890. Eagly, A. H. (1987). Reporting sex differences. American Psychologist, 42, 756-757. Baumeister, R. F. (1988). Should we stop studying sex differences altogether? American Psychologist, 43, 1092-1095. Peplau, L. A., & Conrad, E. (1989). Beyond nonsexist research: The perils of feminist methods in psychology. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13, 379- 400. Morin, S. F. (1977). Heterosexual bias in psychological research on lesbian and male homosexuality. American Psychologist, 32, 629-637. Unger, R. K. (1983). Through the looking glass: No Wonderland yet! (The reciprocal relationship between methodology and models of reality). Psychology of Women Quarterly, 8, 9-32. 4. Stereotypes Broverman, I. K., Vogel, S. R., Broverman, D. M., Clarkson, F. E., & Rosenkrantz, P. S. (1972). Sex-role stereotypes: A current appraisal. Journal of Social Issues, 28, 59-79. Eagly, A. H., & Steffan, V. J. (1984). Gender stereotypes stem from the distribution of women and men into social roles. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 734-754. Weisel, M. S. (1989). Sexual stereotyping in partnership decisions: The second stage. The Woman CPA, October, 4-9. 5. Androgyny & Gender Schema Theory Bem, S. L. (1974). The measurement of psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 155-162. Lott, B (1981). A feminist critique of androgyny: Towards the elimination of gender attributes for learned behavior. In C. Mayo & N. M. Henley (Eds.), Gender and nonverbal behavior (Pp. 171-180). NY: Springer- Verlag. Bem, S. L. (1983). Gender schema theory and its implications for child development: Raising gender- aschematic children in a gender-schematic society. Signs: Journal of women in culture and society, 8(4), 598-616. Morawski, J. G. (1987). The troubled quest for masculinity, femininity, and androgyny. In P. Shaver & C. Hendrick (Eds.) Sex and gender: Review of personality and social psychology 7 (pp. 44-69). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Frable, D. E. S. (1989). Sex typing and gender Ideology: Two facets of the individual's gender psychology that go together. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 95-108. 6. Current Perspectives on Women and Men Gilligan, C. (1977). In a different voice: Women's conception of the self and of morality. Harvard Educational Review, 42, 481-517. Gilligan, C. (1979). Woman's place in man's life cycle. Harvard Educational Review, 49(4), 431-446. Lott, B. (1988). Separate spheres revisited. Contemporary Social Psychology, 13, 55-62. Hare-Mustin, R. T., & Marecek, J. (1988). The meaning of difference: Gender theory, postmodernism, and psychology. American Psychologist, 43, 455-464. Kahn, A. S., & Yoder, J. D. (1989). The psychology of women and conservatism: Rediscovering social change. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13, 417-432. 7. Gender and Interpersonal Behavior: An Overview Dion, K. L. (1985). Sex, gender, and groups: Selected issues. In V. E. O'Leary, R. K. Unger, & B. S. Wallston (Eds.), Women, gender and social psychology (pp. 293-347). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 8. Self-Fulfilling Prophesies Skrypnek, B. J., & Snyder, M. (1982). On the self- perpetuating nature of stereotypes about women and men. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 18, 277-291. von Baeyer, C.L., Sherk, D. L., & Zanna, M. P. (1981). Impression management in the job interview: When the female applicant meets the male (chauvinist) interviewer. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 7, 45-51. Snodgrass, S. E. (1985). Women's intuition: The effect of subordinate role on interpersonal sensitivity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 146-155. 9. Power and Dominance Dovidio, J. F., Brown, C. E., Heltman, K., Ellyson, S. L., & Keating, C. F. (1988). Power displays between women and men in discussions of gender-linked tasks: A multichannel study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 580-587. Dovidio, J. F., Ellyson, S. L., Keating, C. F., Heltman, K., & Brown, C. E. (1988). The relationship of social power to visual displays of dominance between women and men. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 233-242. 10. Interaction Aries, E. (1987). Gender and communication. In P. Shaver & C. Hendrick (Eds.) Sex and gender: review of personality and social psychology 7, pp. 149-176. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Maccoby, E. E. (1990). Gender and relationships: A developmental account. American Psychologist, 45, 513- 520. Bisanz, G. L., & Rule, B. G. (1989). Gender and the persuasion schema: A search for cognitive invariants. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 15, 4-18. Carli, L. L., (1989). Gender differences in interaction style and influence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 565-576. Ries, H. T., Senchak, M., & Soloman, B. (1985). Sex differences in the intimacy of social interaction: Further examination of potential explanations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 1204-1217. 11. Work and Achievement Hagen, R. I., & Kahn, A. (1975). Discrimination against competent women. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 5, 362-376. England, P., & McCreary, L. (1987). Gender inequality in paid employment. In B. B. Hess & M. M. Ferree (Eds.) Analyzing gender: A handbook of social science research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage (pp. 286-320). Morrison, A. M., & Von Gilnow, M. A. (1990). Women and minorities in management. American Psychologist, 45, 200-208. Ott, E. M. (1989). Effects of the male-female ratio at work: Policewomen and male nurses. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13, 41-57. Baruch, G. K., Brenner, L., & Barnett, R. C. (1987). Women and gender in research on work and family stress. American Psychologist, 42, 130-136. Fitzgerald, L. F. (1986). On the essential relations between education and work. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 28, 254-284. Eccles, J. S. (1987). Gender roles and women's achievement- related decisions. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 11, 135-172. 12. Sexual Harassment Glaser, R., & Thorpe, J. (1986). Unethical intimacy: A survey of sexual contact and advnaces between psychology educators and female graduate students. American Psychologist, 41, 43-51. Fitzgerald, L. F., Gold, Y., Ormerod, M., & Weitzman, L. (1988). The incidence and dimensions of sexual harassment in academia and the workplace. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 32, 152-175. 13. Pornography and Rape: Violence of Men Towards Women Linz, D., Donnerstein, E., & Penrod, S. (1987). Sexual violence in the mass media: Social psychological implications. In P. Shaver & C. Hendrick (Eds.) Sex and gender: Review of personality and social psychology 7 (pp. 95-123). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Fine, M. (1989). Coping with Rape: Critical perspectives on consciousness. In R. K. Unger (Ed.) Representations: Social constructions of gender, (pp. 186-200). Baywood. Malamuth, N. M. (1981). Rape proclivity among males. Journal of Social Issues, 37(4), 138-157. Koss, M. P. (1985). The hidden rape victim: Personality, attitudinal, and situational characteristics. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 9, 193-212. Shotland, R. L. (1989). A model of the causes of date rape in developing and close relationships. In C. Hendrick (Ed.) Close relationships: Review of personality and social psychology, 10 (pp. 247-270). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. 14. Justice and Fairness Kahn, A. S., & Gaeddert, W. P. (1985). From theories of equity to theories of justice: The liberating consequences of studying women. In V. E. O'Leary, R. K. Unger, & B. S. Wallston (Eds.), Women, gender and social psychology (pp. 129-148). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Major, B. Gender, justice, and the psychology of entitlement. In P. Shaver & C. Hendrick (Eds.) Sex and gender: Review of personality and social psychology 7 (pp. 124-148). Newbury Park, CA: Sage. 15. Close Relationships Peplau, L. A., & Gordon, S. L. (1983). The intimate relationships of lesbians and gay men. In E. R. Allgeier & N. B. McCormick (Eds.), Changing boundaries: Gender roles and sexual behavior (pp. 226-244). Palo Alto, CA: Mayfield. Peplau, L. A., & Gordon, S. L. (1985). Women and men in love: Gender differences in close heterosexual relationships. In V. E. O'Leary, R. K. Unger, & B. S. Wallston (Eds.), Women, gender and social psychology (pp 257-292). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 16. Beyond Gender: Issues of Race, Sexual Orientation, and Disability Fine, M., & Asch, A. (1988). Disability beyond stigma: social interaction, discrimination, and activism. Journal of Social Issues, 44(1), 3-21. Asch, A. & Fine, M. (1988). Introduction: Beyond pedestals. In Fine, M. & Asch, A. (Eds.), Women with disabilities: Essays in psychology, culture, and politics (pp. 1-38). Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Rich, A. (1980). Compulsory heterosexuality and lesbian existence. Signs, 5, 631-660. Brown, L. S. (1989). New voices, new visions: Toward a lesbian/gay paradigm for psychology. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 13, 445-458. Reid, P. T. (1988). Racism and sexism: Comparisons and conflicts. In P. A. Katz & D. A. Taylor (Eds.), Eliminating Racism: Profiles in Controversy (pp. 203- 219). 17. Putting Gender Into Context Deaux, K. (1984). From individual differences to social categories: Analysis of a decades research on gender. American Psychologist, 39, 105-116. Deaux, K., & Major, B. (1987). Putting gender into context: An interactive model of gender-related behavior. Psychological Review, 94, 369-389. Unger, R. K. (1990). Will the real sex differences please stand up? Paper presented at Southeastern Psychological Association, Atlanta, GA, April.